Elements

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    Symbol Quiz   Inside the Atom   Atomic Structure Quiz

    Use your knowledge and your text book to answer to the questions in the text areas, and click on the send button when you are finished. If your email won't work, just print out these pages. 
    Somerville House Students should put their name and teacher.
    Others should put their name and email address
    Your Name:
    		 Your Teacher's Name or your email address
    Elements are pure substances whose atoms are all of the same type. There are 112 known elements and these are listed in a  This is divided vertically into groups of elements with similar features.
     The last column of the table consists of five INERT GASES which are non-reactive with other elements except under extreme conditions. This group is called the  group.

    These gases are:

    Each element can be represented by a SYMBOL. This is a shorthand way of writing the name of the element. Sometimes the symbol is the first letter of the English name of the element.
    Eg.

    NAME SYMBOL
    Carbon
    Hydrogen
    Oxygen
    Nitrogen

    Some elements have a symbol of two letters to distinguish them from other elements with the same first letter. Note that the first letter is always a capital and the second letter is lower case.
    Eg.

    NAME SYMBOL
    Calcium
    Helium
    Osmium
    Neon

    In some cases, the symbol comes from a Greek or Latin name for the element.
    Eg.

    NAME SYMBOL
    Lead (plumbum)
    Sodium (natrium)
    Silver (argentum)
    Mercury (hydroargyros)

    Some elements are named after famous people or places.
    Eg.
    NAME SYMBOL
    Einsteinium
    Polonium
    Francium

    INSIDE THE ATOM

    Each element is made up of it’s own particular kind of atom.

    • What makes the atoms different from each other? Eg. a gold atom compared to a hydrogen atom??
    • From results of experiments, scientists were able to propose models for what they thought might be inside atoms.
    There are three kinds of particles inside atoms.
    1. PROTONS – positively charged particles
    2. NEUTRONS – neutral particles (with no charge)
    3. ELECTRONS – negatively charged particles
    • Protons and neutrons are found in the centre of the atom in the NUCLEUS.
    • Electrons move very rapidly around the nucleus.
    Different atoms have different numbers of protons in their nucleus.
    • Eg. Hydrogen has only one proton, Uranium has 92 protons.
    The number of protons in each atom is called its ATOMIC NUMBER. The number of electrons is the same as the number of protons . This means that the atom has no overall charge as the positive and negative particles balance each other.
    Complete this form 
    NAME
    SYMBOL
    NO. PROTONS
    NO. ELECTRONS
    ATOMIC NUMBER
    BORON


    		;



    15


    17

    COPPER




    Mg






    9
    POTASSIUM




    Na




    50


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